Abstract--

This paper presents the study if could design of a hydroelectric power station utilizing dam resources in the Western Mountain

region of Libya. Monthly data spanning three years was analyzed for each dam, focusing on energy production comparisons between

Wadi Ghan and Wadi Majinin dams from 2010 to 2012. Key factors examined include dam size, height, and water storage capacity, all

impacting energy production efficiency. Designed with a targeted production capacity of 30 MW per day, the project incorporates pumps

to recycle discharged water, preventing loss and optimizing resources. Data analysis was conducted using Excel. The economic viability

of the project is promising, as the station will enhance regional electricity supply while reducing dependence on conventional energy

sources. As a renewable and clean source, hydroelectric power minimizes harmful emissions and mitigates negative environmental

impacts. Establishing the station is also expected to support local infrastructure, stimulate the economy, and create job opportunities. In

the operational phase, hydroelectric power generation is anticipated to have lower costs compared to traditional energy

sources.Furthermore, raising the dam's water level is projected to boost energy output by increasing storage capacity and enhancing

hydrostatic pressure on the turbines, thus improving turbine efficiency and overall energy generation. These optimizations align with the

project’s objectives, contributing to increased energy output, economic viability, and the enhanced performance of the hydroelectric power

station

It has been noted the wide spread of the use of composite materials due to their specific strength that made them the best alternative to many other materials, However, the high cost of synthetic fibers represents an obstacle to the use of composite materials in most applications. Therefore, research has tended to test natural fibers, which are the ideal solution for using composite materials in many industries such as furniture, flooring, decoration, and others. This paper concerned with the study of natural composite materials made of Libyan almond shells. Three different sizes of ground almond shells were studied: large size in the form of grains, medium size, and the small size (powder form). These crushed peels were mixed with the resinous polyester resin in four proportions: ratio of 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80. Three basic tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of the samples: impact test, tensile test, and flexural test. The results showed that samples made of almond peels in a powder form exhibits the best results among all other kind of specimens for three mentioned tests of mechanical properties.

In many missions of rotating machines such as compressors, engines, turbines and large centrifugal pumps use Journal bearings to support and guide rotating shafts due to the high load capacity of this type of bearing. The effect of operating conditions on heavy duty in the journal bearings will degrade machine performance, reduce life time and increase risk. The application of high-frequency Acoustic Emissions AE signals is used to carry information about the details of the micro-collision process. Furthermore, the AE for journal bearing diagnosis is gaining acceptance as a useful complementary tool for the condition monitoring. The experimental investigation has been conducted to demonstrate the effect AE characteristics of the journal bearing in different critical operating conditions. The parameters rotational speed and radial load as well as different lubricant viscosity are mainly measured. For the overcoming occurrence of the bearing failures a comprehensive monitoring method has developed between friction in asperity contact and energy release of AE signals for journal bearing. A mathematical model is applied in order to obtain an insightful understanding of the influences operating parameters on the energy of AE generated in rolling element bearing. The obtained results showed that the potential of AE technology and data analysis method applied for monitoring the asperities contact condition in journal bearings, which will be vital for developing a comprehensive monitoring system, supporting the optimal design by simulating the Stribeck curve and operation of journal bearings. 

Pressure vessels are an important part of the industrial world and therefore hold a special interest from mechanical engineers. The main objective of using the pressure vessels are used as containers to contain many of materials such as: liquids, air, gases, chemical compounds and fuel. In this study, a horizontal pressure vessel holding 10 m3 of pressurized Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) is designed, modeled, simulated and analyzed by following the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard for the design

This paper aims to design, modeling and manufacturing a prototype composite winding machine used to produce corrugated composite tubes. Seven different types of tubes can be produced: Radial Corrugated Tube (RCT), Radial Corrugated Surrounded by Cylindrical Tube (RCSCT), Cylindrical Tube (CT), Tangential Corrugated Tube (TCT), Tangential Corrugated Surrounded by Cylindrical Tube (TCSCT), Combined Radial and Tangential Corrugated Tube (CRTCT), and Combined Radial and Tangential Corrugated Surrounded by Cylindrical Tube (CRTCSCT). All types can be produced with different size. Although it is designed mainly for composites, however, paper, and thin sheet of metallic materials can be used as raw material too. Different fiber forms can be used such as knitted, woven roving, continuous filament, or chopped mat of glass or carbon fiber. Corrugation profile can be changed to any required shape such as sinusoidal, triangular, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, or combination of any two or more profiles. The machine uses a special technique utilizing a mandrel that can be driven manually as well as automatically. A prototype of a designed machine have been manufactured, and tested. Two different samples of prospected products have been produced successfully.

A new method for the thermoeconomic optimization of triple-pressure heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) for combined cycle power plants (CCGT) is proposed in this paper. The new optimization method is based on the ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) and by applying the global optimization software (MIDCO). The optimal values of the most influencing operating parameters are obtained by maximizing the objective function while satisfying a group of constraints. The proposed method is based on optimization of the following operating parameters: the temperature difference between the gas and steam (pinch point) and the drum pressures in the HRSG. The purpose of the thermoeconomic optimization was increasing of the annual cash flow. The optimized combined cycle was compared with the initial case. The results show that there is a potential for considerable improvement of the plant economy when compared to the initial case, where the overall thermal efficiency increased by 0.54 % and the annual cash flow was increased by1.53M$. In addition, the new method could be suitable for research work of the power plants optimization.

Abstract

in this paper, (CFD) Computational Fluid Dynamics was used for a detailed burner design by the software Fluent (ANSYS). However, a number of numerical simulations were performed on a generic swirl burner and turbulence flow selection of a non-premixed which using syngas. However, non-premixed flames which characterized by relatively high temperatures, high NOx concentrations, and emission indices. The results showed that the presence of methane in syngas increases the peak flame temperature and the thermal NOx, significantly. Therefore, Investigation showed that effecting of H2, CO, and N2 contents in the fuel mixture level NOx emissions, thus the present compositions for pure methane are respectively influenced on syngas1 by (10% CH4, 45% H2, 45% CO) , syngas2 by (50% CH4, 10% H2, 40%N2) and syngas3 (60% CH4, 20% H2, 20%N2).

The fuel burnup examination is vital to improve the operating of nuclear reactors safely and economically and it is essential information in the safety analysis report. This study focuses on determination of the percentage of the fuel burnup of the Tajoura Nuclear Research Centre (TNRC)'s reactor. All macroscopic cross sections as a function of fuel burnup were obtained by the WIMS-ANL code. The core calculations are generated by using REBUS-PC in order to evaluate the core effective multiplication factorkeff and fuel burnup at the end of the fuel cycle. The results of the fuel burnup show that that the maximum percentage of the burnup is 33 %. Moreover, the average fuel burnup percentage in the core is 31.5 % which leads to reload the core with fresh fuel or shuffling the fuel. In addition, There is an obvious agreement between the current results of all control rods worth and the experimental measurements.

The aim of the present work is to guarantee the safety of the Tajoura Nuclear Research Centre's reactor (TNRC) as a result of a hypothetical Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA). Transient evaluation of the postulated LOCA in primary coolant system is executed using PARET/ANL Code. A large break (LB LOCA) is assumed and the location of the rupture is supposed to be in the main primary circuit pipe at the outlet of the storage pool i.e. 3.5 m above the reactor core's level. Therefore, the core is covered with water and natural convection mainly provides the cooling after the accident and stopping the primary circuit pumps. The simulations are performed at the operating power of the reactor equals to 9 MW and for 180 s after the postulated rupture. The results show that SCRAM occurs at 14 s after the transient and primary circuit pumps stop at 103 s. Therefore, the cooling of the core is achieved at the beginning by the forced convection then the reversal flow takes place and the natural convection roles the cooling. In addition, the results show that the reactor is safe since the clad surface temperature (8٦ °C) at the hottest channel is lower than the maximum permitted value this means the existence of sufficient water above the core to cool it by the natural convection.

ABSTRACT

In present day triple tube heat exchanger is the most common type heat exchanger widely use in ventilation & air conditioning systems, oil refinery and other large chemical process, because it suits high pressure application. The process in solving simulation consists of modelling and meshing the basic geometry of triple tube heat exchanger using CFD package ANSYS 14.0. The objective of the project is design of triple tube heat exchanger and study the flow and temperature field inside the triple tube using ANSYS software tools. The heat exchanger contains 3 tubes and 500 mm length triple tube diameter 75 mm. In simulation will show how the flow pattern in the triple tube of the heat exchanger with heat transfer effects the efficiency due to the new design of the geometry of triple tube, which results in a significant increase in heat transfer coefficient per unit pressure drop in the heat exchanger spaced reduced